3. Nanomaterials of the graphene family

3.1 Graphene sheets and other 2D materials

Graphite is a stack of graphene planes rotated 60° with respect to each other (Bernal stack). . Each carbon atom in a graphene plane exhibits sp ² hybridization and establishes three σ-bonds with its three nearest neighbors. The fourth electron propagates through the π bands derived from the p _z orbitals perpendicular to the atomic plane. Graphene is a metallic conductor whose band diagram is characterized by an energy that depends...