3. Gas liquefaction

3.1 Air Liquide

• In the case of air liquefaction, one of the most common processes uses the Stirling cycle. The figures 2 a and 2 b represent the theoretical Stirling cycle in Clapeyron and entropy diagrams. This cycle ideally comprises two isothermal transformations in contact with the cold source (a → b) and the hot sink (c → d). The two isochoric transformations (d → a, b → c) are associated here with perfect thermal regeneration during gas transfer through the regenerative exchanger. In reality, an imperfect regeneration occurs, which can be represented on the same figures. But this...