4. Indirect greenhouse effect
The major use of electricity to drive the compressors generates a CO 2 emission that is more or less significant depending on the mode of electrical production, expressed in kg CO 2 equivalent:
in France, 0.11 kg CO 2 /kWh ;
in Europe, 0.56 kg CO 2 /kWh ;
on a worldwide average, 0.62 kg CO 2 /kWh.
Worldwide, according to various statistics, an average of 15% of electricity produced is consumed for cooling and air conditioning. This figure is virtually identical for France.
The 2007 IIF/UNEP...
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Indirect greenhouse effect
Total greenhouse effect
Bibliography
Events
IIF working group conferences on phase-change grouts and materials (PCM), plant load reduction (RCR), magnetic cooling http://www.iifiir.org
Standards and norms
- Appendix E: Refrigeration systems and heat pumps – Safety and environmental requirements (Appendix E: Refrigerating systems and heat pumps – Safety and environmental requirements) - NF EN 378-1.2.3.4 - 04-08
Regulations
Regulation (EC) 1005/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of September 16, 2009 on substances that deplete the ozone layer.
Regulation (EC) 842/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of May 17, 2006 on certain fluorinated greenhouse gases, Environment Code, articles R 543-75 to R 543-123 on ozone-depleting substances.
Regulation CE 1516/2007 included...
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) http://www.iifiir.org
Association Française du Froid (AFF) http://www.aff.asso.fr
French Industrial Refrigeration Institute...
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