3. Technical descriptions of collection solutions

Broadly speaking, there are two main generations of capture processes. The first generation corresponds to processes directly derived from technologies used for other existing industrial applications. They are therefore not optimized for CO ₂ capture in the context of CCS, a market that is currently in its infancy. However, they do have the dual advantage of, on the one hand, being based on industrial experience, underpinning the feasibility of capture, and on the other, making it possible to identify bottlenecks and set targets for Research & Innovation work. This R&I work has led to the development of so-called second-generation processes, which in turn open up avenues for future processes, with the ultimate aim of reducing capture costs and ensuring the process's operability.

The three capture routes are described...