2. Regulations – From mistrust to strict control
Until the early 1980s, the history of regulations governing individual sanitation (which is another name for non-collective sanitation) was underpinned by a negative view of these techniques. The aim of the various texts was to confine individual sanitation to a place as a temporary solution pending connection to the sewer system, or as a derogation when this was impossible.
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1980s
In 1980, the regulations were overhauled. Individual sanitation covered a considerable population. In 1984, the French Ministry of Agriculture estimated that 30% of the population of rural communes, i.e. some 9 million inhabitants, were covered by this sanitation technique.
Moreover, the development of individual housing in peri-urban areas could only take place if sewage systems were not too costly.
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Regulations – From mistrust to strict control
Choosing the right process – Principles
Bibliography
Software tools
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VS3: online application for creating ANC design files. Tool for sanitation consultants
http://axisnet.jimdo.com/vs3-logiciel-assainissement-non-collectif/
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Geodes Autonomous Sanitation: a tool for engineering offices involved...
Websites
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Réseau CREPA – Recommendations for the safe use of urine and faeces in ecological sanitation systems SCHONNING C. and STENSTROM T.A. – 2004
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WHO: guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater – volume IV
Events
The Assises nationales de l'Assainissement non collectif take place each year in a different city.
Standards and norms
- Installation of on-site sanitation systems – Single-family homes with up to 10 main rooms. - XP DTU 64.1 – AFNOR -
- Fosses septiques préfabriquées. - EN 12566-1 + A1 – AFNOR – CEN -
- Systèmes d'infiltration dans le sol. - CEN/TS 12566-2 – AFNOR – CEN -
- Stations d'épuration des eaux usées domestiques prêtes à l'emploi et/ou assemblées sur site. - EN 12566-3 + A1 – AFNOR – CEN -
- Fosses...
Regulations
Law on water and aquatic environments (LEMA) of December 30, 2006 (consolidated version as of July 14, 2010).
Law no. 92-3 of January 3, 1992 on water.
Law n° 64-1245 of December 16, 1964 relating to the regime and distribution of water and the fight against its pollution.
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
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FNSA – Fédération nationale des syndicats de l'assainissement et de la maintenance industrielle
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(IFAA) – French manufacturers of on-site sanitation...
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