4. Bases and foundations for buildings

It's essential to prevent the appearance of water or moisture in underground premises: cellars, parking lots and other underground basements and engineering structures.

Protecting walls from the effects of water is a complex problem:

• the many possible sources of water: groundwater, seepage or runoff on exterior walls, capillary rise in damp soils, rainwater, accidental leaks from fluid networks, etc;

• by the nature of the terrain;

• depending on the type of foundation.

If the structure is immersed, even intermittently, in whole or in part, a casing is required.

If it is permanently above the water level in the ground, the water acts without pressure on the walls, so all that's needed is to treat...