8. Hull buckling verification methods

Any calculation method for buckling must be based on :

• the buckling behaviour of the perfect shell ;

• sensitivity to imperfections;

• manufacturing tolerances considered as upper limits of imperfections.

• EN 1993-1-6 specifies three approaches for determining resistance to buckling, three types of calculations:

  • constraints by hand;

  • by Materially Non-linear Analysis (MNA)/LBA ;

  • global numerical analysis GMNIA (Geometrically and Materially Non-linear Analysis with Imperfections), performed entirely digitally.

• The first method, stress calculation,...