1. Textile architectures

There are a number of different technologies for producing textile architectures, the properties of which depend essentially on the orientation of the constituent yarns or fibers. We speak of textile surfaces or fabrics when the constituent yarns are arranged in a plane, or of 3D (volumetric) textiles when the yarns are arranged in all three directions in space. In each of these categories (textile surfaces and 3D textiles), the direction of the threads in a plane can be axial, biaxial or multiaxial.