5. Applications

New networks have been set up.

Drinking water networks: these are generally under pressure. Pipes must be able to withstand the reaction of the soil, the thrust forces required to install the pipe, and the pressure of the water network (test pressure = 1.5 operating pressure). The material used is generally reinforced concrete with a sheet metal core.

Sewage or stormwater networks: these are gravity-flow or low-load (< 0.1 MPa) networks. Depending on the fluid being transported, pipes are generally made of reinforced concrete, and sometimes GRP. They must be able to withstand the aggressive nature of the effluent being transported, the reactions of the soil through which they pass, and the thrust forces required to install the pipe.

Technical sheaths for cables or pipes: these structures are considered as non-visitable...