1. Industrialization as a mechanistic utopia

Historically, the construction industry began to industrialize in the post-war period, in response to the enormous need for reconstruction. The urgency of these demands led to a focus on technical aspects, since the aim was to produce more and faster.

This quest for productivity after various trials led to the success of mass concrete prefabrication. Current processes were proprietary systems, i.e. brand names. The proponents of the time referred to themselves as "closed industrialization", in the sense that they responded with a predefined solution for housing that was difficult to modify.

However, in the face of this predominance of one material, the construction industry (metal construction, glazing, aluminum) sought to develop what was known as open industrialization, since it was presented as the non-directive assembly of components...