1. Construction: a fast-changing sector

During the "Trente Glorieuses", the construction industry responded fairly well to needs, without paying too much attention to the environment, architecture and uses. Since the 2000s, however, environmental issues, combined with quality requirements, have imposed severe constraints; real estate operations and buildings have over time become complex, yet the organization of trades has not changed and still operates in silos (project owner, project manager, technical design office, contractors...), just as it did 50 years ago when buildings were simple.

The results are declining productivity, and where other industries have made remarkable progress, offering us products - automobiles, furniture, household appliances - that are increasingly qualitative and affordable, construction is doing the opposite, with quality deteriorating and buildings becoming more and more...