Retaining walls

Retaining walls are essential civil engineering structures for retaining upstream soil in areas of cut or fill. Historically, these structures relied on their mass to ensure stability, but technological advances, such as the introduction of reinforced concrete and Terre Armée ^® , have revolutionized their design. These modern techniques enable the design of thinner, more efficient walls, capable of withstanding considerable forces. The choice of retaining wall type is crucial, and relies on a thorough analysis of the site's geological and hydrogeological conditions. This article provides an overview of the various techniques and selection criteria essential to the construction of these structures.