4. Innovations and prospects for energy performance

4.1 The role of data and digital technologies

Digital technologies play a central role in improving the energy performance of buildings.

Smart meters, such as the Linky or Gazpar devices in France, enable real-time measurement of energy consumption. These tools give consumers and managers greater visibility to optimize usage and identify sources of waste.

Energy simulations help predict a building's thermal performance before construction. These tools can be used to optimize the architecture, orientation and materials used to minimize energy losses.

Digital twins, virtual replicas of a building or energy system, enable real-time assessment of the effectiveness of the strategies implemented. They are a state-of-the-art...