4. Graphite and carbon-carbon composites
Graphite has been used for many years in vacuum furnaces capable of reaching temperatures in excess of 2,000°C. Resistors based on carbon-carbon composites C–C are much more recent and are still being developed
4.1 Composition. Elaboration
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The graphite used for heating elements is actually a mixture of amorphous carbon and small graphite crystals obtained from coke. The properties of this material are isotropic, which is not the case for all synthetic graphites. Treatments can be carried out to reduce porosity, purify the material or combat oxidation for operation in air at 600°C instead of 450°C.
Resistors are made from synthetic graphite...
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Graphite and carbon-carbon composites
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