3. Average models of static DC/DC converters

3.1 Context (state of the art, limitations, challenges)

A power converter is made up of switching cells that transform energy. This section focuses on DC/DC converters, also known as choppers. There are a number of different architectures, and the literature on them has been abundant since the 1960s. Readers are referred to the articles in the collection dealing with these architectural concepts (series chopper, parallel chopper, buck-boost, Cùk, Sepic, Zeta...). The focus here is on a model of the converter, enabling analyses such as control design and cooling optimization.

A circuit simulator enables a converter to be simulated on a very fine time scale: that on which the physical phenomena associated with semiconductor components, in particular, come into...