2. Civil engineering

Before any work is carried out, the land must be studied, laid out and prepared.

Electrical substation equipment requires an infrastructure comprising a platform, roads, runways, handling areas, foundations to support structures and electrical equipment, buildings, fences and miscellaneous structures, all of which make up the substation's civil engineering.

Operating problems are an integral part of civil engineering design. Over the years, the development of equipment and operating techniques has led to numerous modifications to civil engineering to facilitate the operation of structures.

The design of a substation's civil engineering begins with as accurate an assessment as possible of the soil's characteristics, the aim being to calculate and build all the civil engineering structures in the most cost-effective...