Elementary operations and circuits
Frequency synthesis
Article REF: E330 V1
Elementary operations and circuits
Frequency synthesis

Authors : Vincent GIORDANO, Enrico RUBIOLA

Publication date: November 10, 2002 | Lire en français

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3. Elementary operations and circuits

Synthesizers use a few elementary circuits to perform frequency transformations. In a complete device, these different circuits can be used together.

3.1 Frequency addition and subtraction

A mixer is a non-linear device that realizes the product of the signals present at its input ports (figure 8 ). When the frequency of these signals is ν 1 and ν 2 respectively, a voltage proportional to : cos 2πν1 t×cos 2πν2 t=12[cos 2π(ν1+ν2)+cos 2π(ν1−ν2)]

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