3. Propagation inside buildings

3.1 Penetration models

The penetration loss in a building is defined as the power loss experienced by the electromagnetic field between the exterior around the building and one or more positions inside the building. It is calculated by comparing the external field with the field in the rooms of the building where the mobile receiver is located.

The parameters affecting penetration loss values are numerous, and their effects are usually intertwined. Among these numerous parameters, we generally distinguish the following classic ones: the nearby environment, the depth of reception in buildings, the angle of incidence, the reception height, more commonly...