5. Spectrum control systems

Over the last thirty years, several generations of measurement and direction-finding equipment have seen the light of day. Major technological advances have led, in successive stages, to equipment covering wider frequency bands and enabling measurement of the full range of analog, digital and broadband signals.

Equipment is also increasingly integrated, making it possible to build stations that are perfectly transportable by a single person, whereas the same station required a heavy infrastructure in the early 1980s.