4. Conclusion

The intensity of the UHI varies with the time of day and the seasons, as well as with weather conditions: it therefore requires constant instrumental monitoring. Real-time monitoring using the connected stations and sensors recently installed in Rennes (Rennes Urban Network) makes it possible to obtain precise spatial interpolations that take into account land use and, in particular, the density of buildings and vegetation, which are known to have a strong influence on the spatial configuration of the UHI. Local parks and gardens, for example, create "proximity" islands of coolness, reducing the UHI by an average of a few tenths of a degree. The question of how the frequency of UHIs might in turn affect plant phenology, as yet little addressed in the literature, merits further study.

Monitoring conditions in real time also provides a means of tracking climatological...