4. Conclusion

The prospect of the development of the Semantic Web, as imagined by Tim Berners-Lee of the W3C back in 2001, is spurring the development of technologies to exploit knowledge on the Web: the Web is seen as an information space used not only for exchanges between human beings, but also between machines designed to facilitate communication between people, and offering the possibility of powerful automatic processing. It is by processing certain extracted information that search engines will be able to improve the relevance of responses to readers' queries.

The effectiveness of these processes depends in part on the knowledge organization models proposed by ontologies. The semantic contribution of ontologies lies in the context they express. Nevertheless, insofar as they are used directly or indirectly by human beings (indexing, information retrieval), their interpretation...