2. Linguistic analysis and processing
The first stage of a TTS system comprises the linguistic processing modules, which transform the text to be synthesized into a string of symbols representing the distinctive sounds of the language, or "phonemes", and a set of "prosodic" indications characterizing speech (duration of the various sounds and pauses, evolution of the melody). This phonetic-prosodic representation is then used by the sound synthesis stage to generate the digitized speech signal.
Linguistic processing can be broken down into several stages, which generally follow the following sequence:
normalization and pre-processing of raw text: searches for phrases and text anomalies and produces a lexical sequence (sequence of lexical units or "words");
lexical, morpho-syntactic and syntactic analysis: enriches the...
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Linguistic analysis and processing
Speech signal and source-filter model
Bibliography
- (1) - SPROAT (R.), MOEBIUS (B.), MAEDA (K.), TZOUKERMANN (E.) - Multilingual text analysis. - Dans Multilingual Text-To-Speech Synthesis – The Bell Labs Approach, SPROAT (R.) et coll. éd., Kluwer Academic Publishers (1998). Ce livre décrit en détail les procédures de synthèse de l'anglais et d'autres langues, et donne une introduction au...
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Acapela is the new name of the group formed by BaBel Technologies SA and Babel-Infovox AB, which also absorbed ELAN speech. Acapela offers a wide range of multilingual synthesis solutions, initially developed through research at the Royal Institute of Technology...
Magazines, conferences
Recent developments in the techniques presented here are regularly the subject of articles.
In journals devoted to speech processing:
• IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing ;
• Speech Communication ;
• Computer Speech and Language ;
• EURASIP Journal...
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