3. The Hans Buehler Case and the Crypto AG Case

Following the end of World War II, the Anglo-Saxon world, through the “Five Eyes” alliance (the U.S., the U.K., Canada, Australia, and New Zealand), established control over technology with a heightened focus on cryptology. This control was strengthened through collaborations with certain trusted countries, grouped under the “9 Eyes” and “14 Eyes” programs, whose composition varied depending on the alliances and political developments of the member countries (see figure 4 ). These programs, known within government circles since the early 1950s, were revealed to the general public by Edward Snowden’s disclosures in 2013. However, Snowden omitted certain particularly emblematic cases, not only regarding control over cryptography but also...