7. Conclusion

The HaLow Wi-Fi protocol is an evolution of the Wi-Fi protocol that has been developed to ensure data transmissions in the IoT. This article describes the features and mechanisms of this protocol. These operations are complex and cover the two media access layers of the OSI model. At the physical layer, transmissions are carried out in frequency bands below 1 GHz with OFDM modulation, in order to increase transmission range while minimizing energy consumption.

At MAC layer level, the 802.11ah protocol defines a number of mechanisms that support the management of large numbers of devices (AID, TIM) and optimize energy consumption (TWT, TIM, RAW). Range is estimated at 1 km, throughput at 78 Mbit/s and latency at a few tens of milliseconds, making HaLow Wi-Fi protocol the most promising long-range IoT solution in terms of throughput and latency.

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