9. New dispersed shapes

The major difficulty in developing topical semi-solids lies in the need to formulate stable systems that have good organoleptic properties (spreadability, feel) and are effective and non-toxic. The efficacy of topically active substances is more dependent on formulation and vehicle (maintenance of activity, targeted release) than on other routes of administration . In addition to protecting and delivering active ingredients effectively, the vehicle also enhances application and sensory...