3. Texture and anisotropy
Hot and cold processing results in highly textured products - sheets, tubes, bars, wires - with crystals that are not randomly oriented, but have one (or more) preferred orientation(s). This crystallographic texture induces an often marked anisotropy in the properties of use.
To characterize the texture of zirconium and hafnium products, it is generally sufficient to define the preferred orientations of the (0002) planes using pole figures. This is of course not enough to fully describe a texture, but experience shows that it is the orientation of the c-axis that is decisive for most properties. The Kearns factors f L , f T and f N
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Texture and anisotropy
Mechanical properties
Bibliography
Norms and standards
Most standards for zirconium and hafnium metal products, or alloys, are American ASTM standards. A few French standards also exist. Few standards concern hafnium.
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French standards
- Corrosion of metals and alloys – Aqueous corrosion testing of zirconium alloys used in nuclear reactors. - NF EN ISO 10270 - Juillet 2008
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