1. Electrochemical polymerization (or electropolymerization)

1.1 Principle

Electrochemical methods for depositing polymer films on metal substrates include :

• electrodeposition of preformed charged polymer species by electrophoretic migration, followed by their electrocoagulation [17] ;

• electrochemical polymerization. First introduced in the 1950s, this method involves the electrode-initiated polymerization of a monomer in solution. In this case, the monomers are compounds carrying functions that can be oxidized or reduced directly at the electrode (direct electropolymerization) or via an electro-initiated species (indirect electropolymerization).

The theoretical...