5. Ion implantation
Ion implantation is a purely physical process in which selected ions are accelerated under very low residual pressure to energies ranging from a few dozen to a few hundred kiloelectronvolts, in order to introduce them into the surface layers of a material. By affecting the chemical composition and physical parameters of a material over a thickness generally less than a micrometer, the surface properties of the material are significantly modified.
In the field of tool steels, where improved resistance to friction, wear and corrosion is sought, the species most often implanted are nitrogen, nitrogen with chromium, carbon with titanium. In the case of ions obtained from simple gaseous compounds, such as nitrogen alone, the equipment generally has no magnetic separation and is arranged vertically. In the case of chromium and...
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Ion implantation
Dry hard deposits
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