4. ACEA European specifications

The European Automobile Manufacturers' Association (ACEA), which replaced the Comité des Constructeurs du Marché Commun (CCMC) in 1991, is a cooperative body bringing together most of the passenger car and industrial vehicle manufacturers present in Europe, i.e. some fifteen automotive groups and companies.

CCMC, and later ACEA, specifications are based on laboratory and engine tests, some of which are of American origin (ASTM, Mack, Cummins, etc.), but most of which are standardized or experimental procedures developed by the European Coordination Council (CEC) (cf. ).