5. Conclusion

To date, only hydroxyapatite powders have been used as mineral adjuvants in oncology vaccines. They are used in therapeutic vaccines on the market in veterinary medicine and have produced good clinical results, which it is beyond the scope of this article to discuss, with few side effects.

For therapeutic vaccination in oncology, the adjuvant is an essential element, particularly for vaccines with autologous antigens purified from tumors. These antigens have low antigenicity and are contaminated with normal proteins. The adjuvant must therefore be able to make the abnormal proteins "visible" to the immune system, and not provoke an immune response against those that are not. Calcium hydroxyapatite appears to be a good mineral adjuvant for this application