2. Use collective intelligence

Frugal innovation relies on a distributed network of skills, and on the ability to pool these experiences.

• Learn from frugal innovators (see Understanding frugal design strategies [FIC 1477] ). Many frugal innovations are based on experimentation and tinkering, reflecting a spirit of creativity in the face of adversity. The HoneyBee network in India illustrates the multitude of creations that emerge from the base of the socio-economic pyramid, serving as a reservoir of ideas for companies seeking inspiration. Ikea is also inspired...