1. Bone filling cements

In 1891, Themistocles Gluck laid the foundations for bone reconstruction materials. Some authors consider this German physician and surgeon to be an unrecognized genius. That year, he presented his work on the insertion of hollow ivory cylinders, pierced with holes, and implanted in medullary cavities, either to fill a bone defect or to restore the functionality of a joint.

Let's take a look at some of his observations:

"In fact, the medullary cavity has been shown to tolerate foreign objects, and furthermore, if an aseptic state can be preserved and stable fixation can be guaranteed, this new method of implanting or invaginating foreign objects into the medullary canal looks promising."

"In clinical cases, it is surprising that, in addition to the immediate functional...