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Insect cells are widely used to produce mature and active recombinant proteins. Associated with baculovirus vectors, they are particularly suitable for the production of recombinant vaccines for veterinary applications or humans. Due to the binary nature of this system, the development of production processes requires the integration and a fine adjustment of parameters relating firstly to the virus, and secondly to the cells.This article presents the different modules that make up the production system based on insect cells and baculovirus. The weaknesses identified and the major development-axes of this technology are also described.
Calcium phosphate-based biomaterials (CaP) have developed considerably over the last decades due to their excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity. The main calcium phosphates used as biomaterials as well as their synthesis routes and their physico-chemical properties are described. Various processing techniques and a few applications are detailed: bioceramics, coatings, cements and composites. Biological properties and standards are also presented.
Gold nanoparticles possess a set of properties that come from the element Gold, their nanometric size and their particulate nature as well as their functionalization. By playing on the size, shape and composition of gold-based nanostructures, it is possible to adapt their behavior for medical applications covering the fields of biodetection, medical imaging and therapy.Through a synthesis of the immense production of papers devoted to gold nanoparticles, revealing the craze and hopes placed in them, this article highlights the potential of gold nanoparticles for medical applications.
This article presents a platform for securely collecting and sharing data related to chronic disease. It highlights patient-centric technology and the role of patient consent for access to their data. Based on the blockchain, the platform will facilitate therapeutic compliance and self-management of chronic disease by providing the patient with a community of health professionals, family members, friends and colleagues
Ceramic biomaterials have been used for orthopedic prostheses since 1965. Alumina, and later zirconia and zirconia-alumina composites were successively introduced, mainly for wear couples (head-cup) in total hip arthroplasty. This article examines these materials, their history, advantages and drawbacks. It concludes with an overview of the developments to come in materials and devices.
The apatites are a family of inorganic compounds. In particular, calcium phosphate apatites are of particular interest in the biomaterials field. This article focuses on nanocrystalline apatites that are, for example, present in bone and dentin, and for which synthetic analogs called “biomimetic apatites” can be prepared and used for biomedical applications. Various aspects are addressed concerning their specific characteristics, their physicochemical and thermodynamic properties, their preparation and processing, and their biomedical use mainly as bone substitutes, but also in nanomedicine, for diagnosis or for therapy.
This article summarizes the uses and main characteristics of hybrid particles composed of a mineral core of bio-inspired apatite – possibly doped with (bio)active ions – decorated by an organic corona to confer biological properties or to control the size of the particles. Various biomedical applications are addressed for such (nano)systems, as in oncology, dermatology, hematology, gene therapy or medical diagnosis. These hybrid particles have two major advantages: their intrinsic biocompatibility and their possible multi-functionalization.
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a global major public health issue. Silver nanoparticles, metal oxides or nanocarbones could be an alternative to antibiotics. The antimicrobial effect of nanoparticles is inversely proportional to their size. Indeed at nanoscale, particles have greater efficiency in comparison with identical materials of greater size. The medical application of nanoparticles is possible for certain nanoparticles that are cytotoxic against bacteria but not against mammalian cells.
A biochip is a multiplex analysis tool of interaction between a probe fixed on a support and a target in solution. Various types of biochips have been developed since the 1990s: DNA, protein, peptide, sugar and cell biochips for various applications. Currently, the evolutions of laboratories on chips push the limits of miniaturization by integrating all the stages of an analysis, from the sample preparation to the analysis of results. The interest of biochips lies in their efficiency and speed of result acquisition as well as in the density of the information they contain.
Since the 1990s, virtual reality technologies, and those associated with them, have penetrated the world of health and disability for various purposes such as understanding the human being, caring for him, enabling him to develop or recover capacities, helping him, to enable him to regain as much autonomy as possible. The interest shown in them results from the innovative and effective paradigms they allow to implement, the impact that virtual experiences have on mankind, the attractiveness they generate for different users, but also from the current facilitation of their access. This approach is particularly and specifically beneficial in psychotherapy and in cognitive and sensorimotor rehabilitation.
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