1. Biomedical data context

1.1 Genetic data, the first quantitative break in accessible data

Genomics is often cited as a pioneering example of precision medicine (figure 1 ) and Big Data in healthcare. Indeed, genetic data is playing an increasingly important role in modern medicine. Since the late 1990s, the biomedical field has seen a breakthrough in the amount of data it handles: the number of data sets per individual with the sequencing of several thousand base pairs coded in DNA, and the expansion of genetic data sample collections, i.e. the number of individuals analyzed