2. Photon fluence and dose
In radiology, the term "dose" has traditionally been used to refer to different physical quantities. Originally, it refers to the quantity of energy absorbed by a unit volume of matter (tissue, gas, etc.) through which ionizing radiation, in this case X-rays, passes. From this definition have been derived two other uses of the same word: to quantify the fluence of X-rays passing through a surface, and to estimate the health impact of ionizing radiation penetrating biological tissue. Context generally helps us understand what we're talking about, but some texts can be ambiguous.
2.1 Dose as a measure of X-ray fluence
Measuring X-ray fluence (a total number of photons incident on a unit area, counted over a given time interval) is a delicate but essential exercise....
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Photon fluence and dose
Dose-related health risks
Bibliography
Websites
National Institute of Standards and Technology – XCOM Photons Cross Sections Database http://www.nist.govhttp://www.nist.gov/pml/data/xcom/index.cfm
Xcom database http://www.nist.gov
...Directory
Manufacturers of X-ray sources and generators (non-exhaustive list)
Sources: VARIAN (US), TOSHIBA (J.), IAE (I.) PHILIPS, GE, SIEMENS, CARESTREAM (among others) manufacture sources for their own needs.
Generators: CPI (US), SEDECAL (E.), IMD (I.) Many OEMs design and build their own generators.
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