2. Visual restoration

Many retinal pathologies are still incurable and lead inexorably to blindness, such as AMD and the majority of retinal dystrophies. What's more, while some retinal diseases can be treated, as in the case of some glaucomas, or prevented, as in the case of diabetic retinopathy, lack of adherence to the therapeutic process can ultimately lead to blindness. Consequently, given the large number of blind patients and the increasing prevalence of these types of pathologies as the population ages, restoring sight to patients is a public health issue to prevent social isolation, the risk of falls, and improve their autonomy. The approach taken to restoring sight varies greatly depending on the pathology. Loss of photoreceptors leaves the inner retina more or less intact, making it accessible for the reintroduction of neuronal activity. On the other hand, loss of ganglion cells and optic nerve atrophy...