4. Development of solid-state fermentation

The development of a solid-state fermentation bioprocess requires a number of important elements to be taken into account. This involves firstly the choice of microorganism, compatible with substrate selection, then optimization of the physico-chemical and biochemical parameters of the process, and finally isolation and purification of the product.

The solid matrix used for fermentation must not contain compounds that inhibit microbial growth and activity. As it is porous, it must be capable of adsorbing or containing the nutrients required by the micro-organisms (carbon and nitrogen sources and mineral salts). The solid matrix can be composed of :

• or natural organic materials such as starch, pectin or lignocellulosic polymers, serving as both solid support and substrate for microbial culture. These materials are derived...