1. Hybrid electric vehicles: background, architecture and hybridization rates

1.1 Vehicle electrification

With the aim of reducing transport-related pollution, new types of vehicle have been studied for some twenty years. The MEGEVH national scientific network has coordinated the work of French researchers and manufacturers in this field. We can distinguish several road vehicles that can be called "mono-source", i.e. carrying a single energy source (figure 1 a). One or more energy converters transform the energy contained in the source into mechanical energy delivered...