3. The tire in its environment

3.1 Regulatory aspects of energy efficiency

Statutory fuel consumption and pollution measurements are carried out on passenger cars and light commercial vehicles in many countries. However, even if the tire's contribution to fuel consumption is taken into account in these measurements simply by virtue of the fact that the vehicle is fitted with tires, these tests cannot determine the tire's rolling resistance. To do this, tire manufacturers first take measurements of the tire alone on a test bench. They also use simulation to develop numerical models.