5. Conclusion

Since its inception, the control/command system has adapted to the changing demands of operators, constantly improving and optimizing all the operations required to run the rail system it equips, whether for commercial service operations or for the maintenance operations inherent to this activity.

It has also adapted, perhaps even more noticeably and visibly, to enhance passenger comfort and gradually transform their journey into a "passenger experience", with all the new support and convenience services that this implies.

More than ever, this electronic device is at the heart of the train system. It integrates more and more existing train functions that are still independent and/or non-collaborative, such as Automatic Train Operation (ATO), Bogie Monitoring System (BMS) and Derailment Detection System (DDS), as well as new emerging functions...