2. Constraints to be taken into account by the shipper

2.1 End-to-end transportation chain optimization

Any company wishing to engage in foreign trade, whether to source raw materials or semi-finished products needed for production, or to find new markets for its products, must be competitive. Transport is an integral part of this competitiveness and, as such, must be optimized. However, the optimization of transport must not focus solely on the maritime segment. It must apply to the entire transport chain, i.e., from the place of production to the place of consumption. Consideration of the competitiveness and quality of the transport chain must encompass not only maritime transport, but also pre- and post-transport by land, whether by road, rail, waterway, or combined transport, as well as all procedures (customs clearance, insurance,...