3. Applications

Our planet is a dynamic system, characterized by the flow of matter and heat between its surface and its interior. Through volcanic activity, primordial gases—trapped deep within the Earth since its formation—are continuously released into the atmosphere. In addition, certain volatile elements present on the Earth’s surface are recycled into the Earth’s mantle through the subduction of hydrated oceanic crust.  . This balance between the Earth’s “degassing” and “regassing” has governed the...