5. Conclusion

Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is an imaging and analysis technique based on the use of a micro- or nanoelectrode that scans the surface of a sample immersed in an electrolytic solution. It allows for the study of local electrochemical reactions with very high spatial resolution. The principle involves measuring the electrochemical current generated near the surface, which provides information on chemical reactivity and local conductivity.

SECM is particularly used for the analysis of materials and their degradation, catalytic surfaces, living cells, and biological membranes. It is distinguished by its ability to map not only topography but also electrochemical activity. Currently, developments toward increasingly smaller electrodes and hybrid systems are focused on improving resolution and sensitivity.

The integration of SECM...