7. Conclusion

LIBS is a technique for the elemental analysis of materials based on laser ablation and optical emission spectrometry. Developed very early on after the invention of the laser, LIBS has enjoyed a resurgence of interest over the last twenty years, thanks to advances in instrumentation (lasers, spectrometers, detectors). Compared with other techniques also based on radiation spectrometry, LIBS combines sampling and material excitation in a single step.

Entirely based on optics, it opens up new fields of application for out-of-laboratory analysis of any type of material. It has many applications in the field of remote or in situ analysis of complex media. It is now being developed for this purpose in a wide range of sectors.

The methodologies used to identify materials by LIBS are currently well mastered, and commercial instruments are being...