7. Conclusion

Solid-phase microextraction is a complementary tool to other extraction methods. It has the advantage of combining all the steps involved in sample preparation (extraction, concentration, derivatization and transfer to the analyzer) into a single process. In particular, it may prove to be a better method for analyses requiring long, costly extractions and high solvent consumption. Its development is based on solid theoretical foundations and high-performance equipment, and the numerous applications already developed cover many areas of fundamental and applied chemistry. This technique, which can be automated and equipped with a portable system to limit sample transport problems, is an asset for the analysis of environmental samples.