1. Context

Radio, television, telecommunications, microwave heating and radar transmitters all use the property that a moving electric charge emits electromagnetic radiation that propagates through space. This property is also responsible for radioelectric and optical emissions of natural origin, notably those from the sun. Thus, any system powered by electricity or containing a radiating element produces electromagnetic radiation and generates an electric and/or magnetic field in its immediate or even distant vicinity. This electromagnetic presence in the environment brings two concerns to the fore: the first relates to electronic systems, where the issue is electromagnetic compatibility.