1. Stakeholder expectations

Looking at "Research & Development" through the prism of sustainable development introduces two methodological elements that are not generally used in this kind of exercise.

• The first is to determine the limits of a necessary progression, i.e. to intrinsically set a dynamic.

  The starting point is, of course, the current situation. However, this state is not regarded as immutable or as justified by a few specific features. According to the Anglo-Saxon expression "business as usual", the customary state does not call for any particular criticism, but is characterized as a sub-optimal state. Admittedly, it corresponds to practices that some believe are already fairly mature. In terms of sustainable development, however, they are marked by a substantial shortfall.

  Indeed, the point to be reached...