6. Remediation and decontamination

Environmental remediation following a fire is an essential step in mitigating long-term impacts and restoring affected ecosystems. The pollutants generated—whether adsorbed onto soil, trapped in sediments, or dissolved in water—often exhibit high persistence and bioaccumulation potential. This complexity requires tailored remediation strategies that combine mechanical, physicochemical, and biological approaches, consistent with health and environmental risk assessments.