1. Railways and electronics: a race between sustainability and constant evolution

Electronic components are used on a massive scale in the railway sector. They have become indispensable in on-board systems for train operation, where real-time traffic control is essential to avoid collisions. In addition, electronics are necessary for passenger services such as continuous Internet access and on-board recharging of electronic devices. This section looks at the problems posed by the obsolescence of electronic components, and shows how they can be tackled.