4. Conclusion
This overview of running water ecosystems and their evolution under human influence shows their richness and fragility. Scientific and technical knowledge has progressed enormously in a number of areas: their functioning, their ecology, but also the definition of relevant and operational quality indicators. Numerous ecological engineering tools and methodologies exist and can be implemented in ecological restoration programs. Financial and regulatory resources are in place, although the scale of the degradation that has accumulated over the decades (and is still continuing) would require more resources.
The current state of French rivers is generally unsatisfactory, with around 2/3 of French surface water bodies at risk of failing to meet the WFD target of good ecological status by 2027. The task is therefore vast and urgent. However, it is essential to be clear...
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Conclusion
Glossary
Bibliography
Websites
Other works
Analysis of the evolution of water laws and their effects:
https://revue-set.fr/issue/view/709
Bilan de la loi sur l'eau 30 ans après (revue Pour mémoire du comité d'histoire de la transition écologique (n° 35, hiver 2023) :
Standards and norms
- Water quality – Determination of the river macrophytic biological index (IBMR) - NF T90-395 - 2003
- Water quality – Determination of the standardized global biological index (IBGN) - NF T90-350 - 2004
- Water quality – Aquatic macroinvertebrate sampling in shallow rivers - NF T90-333 - 2016
- Water quality – Analysis of macroinvertebrate samples from rivers, canals and lakes - NF T90-388 - 2020
Regulations
Arrêté du 16 mai 2005 portant délimitation des bassins ou groupements de bassins en vue de l'élaboration et de la mise à jour des schémas directeurs d'aménagement et de gestion des eaux (JORF n°113 du 17 mai 2005), version consolidée 1 er janvier 2020
Arrêté du 12 janvier 2010 relatif aux méthodes et aux critères à mettre en œuvre pour délimiter et classer...
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European Environment Agency (EEA) :
National Water Committee :
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